Alien Life Cycle:
Stage 1: Egg
Stage 2: Face-Hugger
Stage 3: Embryo
Stage 4: Chestburster
Stage 5: Adult
Stage 6: Queen

Stage 1: Egg

The first stage of the alien's lifecycle consists of an egg. The eggs are complex organisms in and of themselves. They are responsible for maintaining life support for the larva for an indefinite amount of time, and must recognize a potential host and distinguish it from valid members of the nest.  Eggs are initially created inside a queen alien and enter the world (after being queued in her extended abdomen) via slimy tube to stand on their own (indicating that there is a definite "up" side and "down" side to the egg). The egg itself is a leathery object approximately 2.5 feet tall.

 The egg can survive for an undetermined length of time in various environments.  The egg appears translucent, is flammable, and unarmored. The egg detects when a host is proximal by sound and/or movement. As this happens, some sort of liquid seems to drip upward(!?), and small bumps appear as  the egg comes to live, awakened by the chance to continue it's lifecycle. The petals(?) at the top of the egg open, preparing for the next stage as the face-hugger.


Stage 2: Face-hugger

The next stage, hibernating inside one of these eggs, is a parasite commonly refereed to as a face-hugger. Concealed by the egg for protection, the facehugger waits until the egg senses it is time to continue the life cycle.  When a viable host is brought near a closed egg (either by curiosity, or being cocooned and held in place) it triggers the "contents" of the egg to come to life. The egg opens from the top to reveal the creature within it. At this point the cycle transfers from the egg to the next phase as the face-hugger awakens.

 After sensing the nearby host, the face-hugger launches out at the organism and attaches itself by wrapping a long "tail" around its victim's neck and using long spider-like legs (like a spider, the face-hugger has 8 legs) to firmly grip the organism's head. The legs become almost fused with the head of the soon-to-be host, making it extremely difficult to remove.

The face-hugger also controls the amount of oxygen its host receives and puts the victim in a comatose state while it reaches down the host's throat and lays an egg. The wind 'bags' on the side of the face-hugger pump the oxygen into the host, to keep the host alive. During this process the host is virtually helpless and dependent upon the face-hugger.
In order to ensure that the job can be completed with little outside interference, the face-hugger has concentrated acid for "blood" (a possible self defense mechanism) and can strangle its host with its tail. This gives the facehugger a great advantage in which it can't be destroyed without destroying the host at the same time.

After the egg is planted in the victim's body, the face-hugger leaves the host (who will soon re-gain consciousness and have no recollection of the implantation) and dies.

Stage 3: Embryo

Developing inside the host, this stage of the lifecycle is refereed to as the embryo or spore stage. This begin before the facehugger has actually departed from the host. Immediately after the embryo has reached the body cavity suitable for gestation (from the transplanting of the facehugger's long tube), it begins to feed off of the host. Using the host's fluid and resources, the embryo grows and develops. This can take a period of anywhere from a few hours or a few days



Stage 4: Chestburster

When the embryo has completed it's period of development inside of the host, it emerges into the next stage in it's life. The burster has built up enough strength into order to tear out of the body cavity inside of the host. The host experiences a great deal of pain during this procedure, resulting in convulsions and loss of all rational thought. This process usually results in the death of the host, which in all practical means isn't all the greatest of way to ensure the reproduction of the species. It would be more efficient if the host were reusable for many aliens, but due to the aliens violent nature, it is only fitting for it to cause death upon birth.

 Once free of the host, the chestburster is independent to live on it's own. About two feet long from head to tail, it emerges can emerge at different stages of development depending on host conditions, environment, and strength. Unlike the burster seen in 'Alien', the one in 'Aliens' had arms, while the latter was merely a head and tail. Once again the chestburster seen in 'Alien3' was also different; it was more "mature looking" immediately  after its birth. Specifically, unlike the chestbursters of the previous movies, this one had legs, and a noticeable already developed inner jaw or tongue. The burster is very unprotected and vulnerable at this point. From the experience of the colonial marines in 'Aliens', a chestburster can easily be toasted by fire from their flame-throwers.
 

Stage 5: Adult

This is the final stage in the development of the standard xenomorph -- although there is great speculation of further development. In the previous stage, the creature was roughly one to two feet tall. In an extensive growth increase, it manages to become approximately 7 to 8 feet tall in a matter of hours. During this growth stage it is sometimes referred to as a 'calf', and sheds at least one layer of skin -- similar to a snake.  In the usual case this increase in mass would take much longer. We can also assume that is sheds skin multiple times in its rapid growth.  Whether the alien needs any food at all for growth is has not been fully determined.  The xenomorph's skin appears a chitin like shell similar to bugs. It is hard, dark (black/green), and acts as an outer shell (exo-skeleton). It is by no means impervious (easily shattered by bullets), but has a higher tolerance to fire.  It contains acid for blood, which tends to spray when hit by bullets.

 During it's growth its cranium becomes elongated, and at full development the xenomorph has a banana-shaped skull.  Although they have this large cranium, xenomorphs have rudimentary thinking skills.  The large skull may also serve the purpose of pressurization, hold some vital fluid, or to maintain balance.

There appears to be no eyes or other distinguishable optical sensors and may use sonar or something similar to bats to determine surroundings.  They may have some sort of eyesight, or what is rendered in its mind from ultrasound including quadraphonic hearing and hyper-accurate ranging capability and other sensors.

Another attribute seen in the adult is the long dark spines sticking out of the back. These could be functionally similar to the plates on the back of a Stegosaurus; they make it difficult to land a damaging blow on the alien from a sneak-attack from behind. The spines could also be some form of reservoir for acid (similar to the humps on a camel). Perhaps they could be heat sinks or some sort.

They have a "double jaw", or 2 mouths -- one inside of the other.  The outer jaw is hinged primarily by tendon-like apertures and is supported similar to that of a snake. The second jaw (also referred to as the "tongue") can extend out to about a foot long reach. It has a very strong driving force (enough to easily puncture skulls), almost like a pneumatic power. (possible another use of the elongated cranium).
 

 The xenomorph's tail has grown proportionally and is not only used for balance, but attack. It has a barbed "stinger" at the end of it and uses it as an attack. The tail itself has a long row of connected spines along the top of it (similar to what a dragon would have).

 The adult is also extremely agile. It can leap from wall to wall and crawl on the ceiling.  The creature also has amazing mechanical-like strength.  They manage to pound through metal doors and walls, becoming virtually unstoppable.

 The speculation of further development lies upon alien interaction of a society. When there is no queen present (or eggs) many different things could happen. A present xenomorph could morph into a queen through a cocoon like transformation. Or, a standard alien could have the capability of laying one egg in order to produce a queen.

 The hive society itself is rather complex and consists of a variety of alien versions. The reasoning for the "ribbed" craniums could be that they are warrior xenomorphs. These aliens would be in charge of protecting the colony and attacking intruders. In this "theoretical" society there would also be the drone aliens. Their duty would be to tend to the queen/eggs, construct the hive and cocoon possible hosts. With no signs of physical communication seen by the aliens, we can assume some type of telepathic connection between the creatures, with the queen running the whole show. Communication could also be the answer to the "ribbed" vs. "smooth" craniums. Lone adults have uniform smooth reflective heads, while adults functioning in a nest have distinct anterior and posterior head sections; the posterior region being covered in a ribbed pattern with a pair of pits on either side of the head. This morphology in social organisms may be used in sonic and chemical communication. That this ribbed pattern is visible in the neck regions of the lone adult may indicate that the smooth reflective surface of the heads serves as a canopy covering more complex structures.

Stage 6: Queen

The Queen Alien- little is known about her.  Some things that we do know about the queen: she has a much larger cranium than the usual alien and is slightly taller (approx. 2-3 feet). The queen has the ability to create and lay eggs (through the use of the extended abdomen) and she has the ability to survive without the extended abdomen (for an unknown amount of time).

 The queen is the prime focal point of the colony and the driving control force. All the aliens (worker and drone) strive to support her.  She noticeably has more arms/legs that the usual aliens -- 2 legs, 2 large arms, 2 smaller arms, and 2 very short arms sticking straight out of her chest for a total of 8. When we first see a queen, she is huge. Upon later observation, a large portion of the initial queen is basically her nest (designed to support her and her rather large abdomen (eggsac). She is still undoubtedly larger and it seems that even her outer jaw can retract further (you can notice this in the first up close shot of the queen).

 As with all other xenomorphs, the queen is also seems to be harmed by fire.  The queen does seem to walk somewhat awkwardly compared to the average aliens (possible because she isn't used to walking and is designed to sit in her nest while everybody else takes care of her.

 Fighting tactics for the queen include use of her tail and plain brute strength.


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Images/Information obtained from Alien Legacy website.
http://cse.unl.edu/~jraises/aliens/malien.htm